Combination wrench



Sept. 9. 1924. 1,507,669

L. G. ECONOM COMBINAT iON WHEN CH Filed March 25 1922 INVENTOR' j qifi'canom/ B y Z ATTO NEY Patented Sept. 9, 1924.,

A 1.5mm

I Louis nconoiyi, or nnwroax, a. Y.

I COMBINATION WRENCH."

Application filed March 25, 1922. serial No. 546,559.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS G. ECONOM, a citizen'of the United States, residing at the city of New York, in the county of Bronx.

and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Combination renches, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to combination wrenches. One object thereof, is to provide a combination wrench which may readily be used both as a monkey and a Stillson wrench.

Another object of this invention is 'to provide a wrench of the character described with readily removable gripplng aws adapted to be withdrawn or extended as desired. V

A still further object is to provide a practical combination wrench of the character described whichshall be simple in construe 'tion, easy to manipulate and eflicient in operation to a high degree.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out.

The invention accordingly consists in the featuresof construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described and of which the scope of application will be indicated in the follow ing claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of various possible illustrative embodiments of this invention,

Fig. 1 is a vertical elevational view partly in section of a wrench embodying the invention shown in use as a Stillson wrench with the parts adjusted for gripping pipes and the like objects;

Fig.2 is an elevational view (partly broken away) and in section, showing the wrench in use as a monkey wrench with) the parts adjusted for gripping nuts and the like objects; I Fig.3 is a cross-sectional viewout along line 3-3 of Fig. 1; I

Fig. 4: is a near end elevation of the upper portion of the wrench;

Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view out along.

line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig.v 6 is a perspective view of the cam.

memberfor extending and retracting the gripping jaws and for locking the reciprocatlng shank in position;

Fig. Z' is a perspective view of the washer. employed with the jaw cam member;

Fig. 8 is a partial vertical elevation of the tool, showing the head portion there0f;.an d

Fig. 9 is a front elevation ofv the key pro- 'vided for operating the cam member.

Referring in detail to the drawing, 10 in d cates the upper jaw, ll'the lower jaw and 12' the handle of, a wrench embodying my PATEIN Torr 12 a.

invention; .S'ecured adjacent the rear edge of the upper jaw and formed preferablyv integral'therewith is the downwardly extending shank 13 adapted to entertheslot 14: of the. handle portion 12'. The shank 13 comprises an upperportion 13'" of rectangular cross-sectlon, plvoted at 15 ,to a lower portion 13 so that the upper jaw lOmayi rock about the connecting pin 16, to provide the necessary play for the upper gripping jaw when the wrench is adjusted for plumbing or other similar work. A lock cam 17 is provided for locking the upper shank portion 13 against rocking when desired. This lock cam17 'is shown in Fig. 6-and comprises a cylindrical member having a cut away portion 18, a semi-cylindrical cam face portion 19, a bearing 20 and an operating portion'21. The latter is provided with a counter-sunk depression 22 preferably rectangular in cross sect on, wherein is inserted a separate key 28 as shown in 9. A semi-cylindrical opening 17 in the jaw 11 to receivethe cam 19. In looking position, the cam face 19 bears against theshank portion 13, as shown in Fig. 2, s0 thatthe jawlO is prevented from swinging but may reciprocate for use as a monkey-wrench,ias in loosening a nut 25. For .pipe work,- the cam 17' is rotated by means of'fthe key 23 so as to dispose the semi-cylindrical cam face 19,111, the open- (see Fig. '1), and then the. shank portion 13 is free to swing forward. and backward topermit the jaws 10, '11 to alternately grip and release the pipe 2d. The lower portion 13 of the shankha's threads or teeth 26"provided on its front and rear is provided loo sides for engaging *milar teeth 01 threads 2. on the handle to indicate when the threads 26 of the nut are inengagement with the threads 26 of the shank. In this position, the nut locks the shank against axial movement. /Vhen-the nut is given a quarter turnfromthe position in Fi 2 to the position in Fig. 5, the shank 18 may slide freely without interference by the nut. For preventing the shank '13 from being raised above the member 27, a set screw 30 is provided below said member. The set screw enters a groove 31 cut on the one of the side faces of the lower shank portion 13 and acts as a stop against the lower wall 31 of the groove, when the shank is fully extended. For guiding the shank in its up ward travel, a spring member 32 is pro vided, suitably secured to the handle niemher as by the screw 33.

The means for adapting and adjusting the wrench for use as a-Stillson wrench to grip pipes and the like objects will now be described. The jaws 10, 11 are provided with recesses 34, 35 respectively. These are disposed adjacent the gripping faces 10, 11 and are adapted to receive a pair of toothed jaws 37. Cain means 38. 35) (similar to that already described in connection with the locking cam 17 for the shank 13) are provided for disposing the toothed jaws :36, 37 inithe gripping position shown in Fig. 1, or in the non-operative position shown in F ig, 2. Each cam member 38, 39 comprises the operating portion 4-0 having the rectan-gular depression 41' for the key 23, the cylindrical cam face 42 and the end L3. The latter in this instance enters a-jonrnal washer 4%. having an opening i5 of the form shown similar to the cross-section of the end/l3 for providing the eccentricity necessary for the lowering and raising of the toothed aws 36, 37. Circular openings are provided in the jaws 10, 11 to receive the operating portions 40. Similar openings are provided in the jaws for holding the bearing washers 44. The toothed jaws 36, 37 have elongated slots 46, 47 formed therein wherethrough pass the cams 38, 39.

The operation of the wrench will now be clear. Assume the tool with the jaws open andthe teeth extending. The toothed jaws 36. 37 are first disposed in their non-gripping position by the turning of their respective cams 38, 39 with the key 23. The shank 13 used as a monkey wrench (see Fig. 2). To.

adjust the latter for operation as a Stillson wrench, the shank 13 is released by turning the cam 17 back, and the aws 36, 37 are ex, tended into gripping position as shown 111 Fig. 2, by turning the cams 3 39, respectively, with the key 23 so that their cam taces cause the toothed aws 36, 37 to be extended in gripping position.

An added advantage of the wrench I have I provided resides in the fact that the jaws 36, 37 are removable and may be replaced when: worn away, thus extending the life of the wrench.

It. will thus be seen that there isyprovided a device in which the several objects of this invention are achieved and Which'is.

well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use. 1

As various possible embodiments might be made of the above invention and as various changes n'iight be made in the embodiment above set forth. it is .to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings ,is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, '1?

claim as new and desire to secure by Letter Patent s 1. In a combination wrench, the combination of a handle having a slot formed therein,

a shank adapted to be reciprocated in said slot and having a groove formed on the lower portion thereof, means for permitting said shank to have a rockingmovement, means, for preventing said rocking movement when desired, resilient means for maintaining and guiding the shank when reciprocated, and:

means for preventing the withdrawal of the I shank from the slotted handle, said means comprising a set-screw adapted to abut the shank ad acent the grooved face thereof.

2. A combination wrench including, a

handle provided with a stationary jaw, a movable jaw having a shank axially movable in the handle, said shankbeing formed of a plurality of sections pivotally connected together, the section'of said shanlradjacent the movable jaw being capable ofrocking forwardly and rearwardly in the handle, and means for locking the rocking port-ion ofthe shank against rocking movement while permitting the shank to move axially, each of said jaws being provided with a'toothed in-- sert capable of moving in a straightline,

andmeans for moving said inserts toward or away from each other.

3. A combination wrench including a.

handle provided with a jaw and. havinga bore, a shank axially movable in the bore of the handle and carrying a second jaw,

ii'ieans for locking the shank against axial.

movement in the handle said shank bein 7 b formed of upper and lower sections pivotrocking movement; each of said jaws being ally connected together and the upper secprovided Witharectilinearly movable toothed tion carrying the second jaw and being insert, and means for moving said inserts 10 capable of rocking movement forwardly and toward and away from one another.

5 rearwardly, and a scam arranged in the In testimony whereof I afiix my signahandle and adapted to engage the shank for ture. locking the upper portion of the same against LOUIS G. ECONOM. 

